Effect of Cropping Systems and Environment on Phenolic Acid Profiles and Yielding of Hybrid Winter Wheat Genotypes

Wheat is of significant economic importance due to its high yield potential and nutritional value as well the technological usefulness grain. Field experiments were carried out in years 2015–2018 southeastern Poland. A three-factor experiment was used study influence wheat cultivars (hybrid—cvs. Hybred Hymack; common—cv. Batuta), cultivation systems (organic—ORG, integrated—INT, conventional—CON) environmental conditions (using two different locations: Dukla Nowy Lubliniec) on grains’ phenolic acid (PA) content grain yield. The research confirms genetic determinants PA composition grains, their accumulation levels ferulic other PAs—with exception sinapic, p-coumaric, salicilic—with hybrid performing better than common cultivars. ORG system, compared INT CON systems, caused a larger increase total acids (TPAs)—especially ferulic, vanillic, syringic acids—in grains cv. Hybred, caffeic Hymack, Batuta. lack interaction between indicates that similar reactions increases intensity take place more favourable favoured syringic, p-hydroxybenzoic, protocatechuic grains. TPAs higher by 4.3% 4.0% average. Variable season 2015/2016 resulted yields cvs. cv., which proves greater yielding stability these with adverse weather conditions. 2016/2017 had less rainfall faced temperatures during ripening, favouring TPAs, especially Hybred. This suggests need further assess progress cultivated under terms content.